Encoding Violations

Encoding Violations:

Send an signal that doesn't conform to any legal bit representation. In Manchester encoding, for instance, 1-bits are represented by a high-low sequence, and 0-bits by low-high sequences. The start/end of a frame could be represented by the signal low-low or high-high.

The advantage of encoding violations is that no extra bandwidth is required as in bit-stuffing. The IEEE 802.4 standard uses this approach.